Neurodevelopment Outcomes in Neonate with Congenital Heart Disease

Objectives:    
• Analyze the Prevalence & Impact: Recognize that over half of children with complex CHD experience neurodevelopmental or psychosocial dysfunction that persists into adulthood.
• Understand Brain Injury Pathophysiology: Identify the "two-hit" phenomenon where prenatal alterations in brain development are exacerbated by perioperative injury.
• Evaluate Diagnostic Tools: Assess the utility and limitations of fetal MRI, postnatal cranial ultrasound, and genetic testing in identifying neurodevelopmental risk.
• Optimize Clinical Management: Discuss modifiable perioperative risk factors and the implementation of family-centered developmental care in the ICU.
• Coordinate Longitudinal Care: Implement standardized screening protocols and school-based interventions to support patients from infancy through adulthood.